static char rcsid[] = "@(#)$Id: newmail.c,v 5.19 1993/08/03 19:28:39 syd Exp $"; /******************************************************************************* * The Elm Mail System - $Revision: 5.19 $ $State: Exp $ * * Copyright (c) 1988-1992 USENET Community Trust * Copyright (c) 1986,1987 Dave Taylor ******************************************************************************* * Bug reports, patches, comments, suggestions should be sent to: * * Syd Weinstein, Elm Coordinator * elm@DSI.COM dsinc!elm * ******************************************************************************* * $Log: newmail.c,v $ * Revision 5.19 1993/08/03 19:28:39 syd * Elm tries to replace the system toupper() and tolower() on current * BSD systems, which is unnecessary. Even worse, the replacements * collide during linking with routines in isctype.o. This patch adds * a Configure test to determine whether replacements are really needed * (BROKE_CTYPE definition). The header file is now included * globally through hdrs/defs.h and the BROKE_CTYPE patchup is handled * there. Inclusion of was removed from *all* the individual * files, and the toupper() and tolower() routines in lib/opt_utils.c * were dropped. * From: chip@chinacat.unicom.com (Chip Rosenthal) * * Revision 5.18 1993/06/06 18:00:10 syd * Fix max folder check, off by one * * Revision 5.17 1993/04/21 01:18:27 syd * newmail treated a line with From_ preceeded by whitespace as a valid * message delimiter. * From: Jan Djarv * * Revision 5.16 1993/04/12 03:51:42 syd * prevent double spacing in newmail * From: Syd * * Revision 5.15 1993/04/12 03:40:28 syd * Some OSs need the time.h includes * From: ebd@fang.att.com (Elliot B Dierksen) * * Revision 5.14 1993/02/09 19:03:15 syd * add isspace macro from ctype.h include * * Revision 5.13 1993/02/03 16:10:31 syd * More utime portability problems with convex * From: Jukka Ukkonen * * Revision 5.12 1993/01/27 21:00:30 syd * When newmail stats/reads the mailbox it updates the access times. This * causes problems for users that run both newmail and xbiff since xbiff * just looks at the access times of the mailbox. Added code to newmail * that borrows some code from src/leavembox.c for updating mailbox access * times. * From: aj@redwood.cray.com (Chris Jackman) * * Revision 5.11 1993/01/27 20:49:40 syd * It seams that SCO Unix nedds 1 pair of () extra to get * the new newmail.c code to work. * From: Jan S{ll * * Revision 5.10 1993/01/27 20:44:27 syd * Correct MMDF syntax problems and newmail botches. * From: chip@chinacat.unicom.com (Chip Rosenthal) * * Revision 5.9 1993/01/19 05:07:05 syd * Trim erroreous extra log entry * From: Syd * * Significant changes to provide consistent Date and From_ header * cracking. Overhauled date utilities and moved into library. Moved * real_from() into library. Modified frm, newmail, and readmsg utilities * to use library version of real_from(). Moved get_word() from Elm * source into library. Added new library routines atonum() and strfcpy(). * Fixed trailing backslash bug in len_next(). * From: chip@chinacat.unicom.com (Chip Rosenthal) * * Revision 5.7 1992/12/11 01:45:04 syd * remove sys/types.h include, it is now included by defs.h * and this routine includes defs.h or indirectly includes defs.h * From: Syd * * Revision 5.6 1992/11/17 19:23:28 syd * add blank after priority to * * Revision 5.5 1992/11/07 20:05:52 syd * change to use header_cmp to allow for linear white space around the colon * From: Syd * * Revision 5.4 1992/10/27 01:43:40 syd * Move posix_signal to lib directory * From: tom@osf.org * * Revision 5.3 1992/10/25 02:54:00 syd * add posix signal stuff as stop gap, needs to be moved to lib * From: syd * * Revision 5.2 1992/10/24 13:11:42 syd * fix newmail attempting to close a file descriptor even if the corresponding * open failed. * From: "Peter A. Bigot" * * Revision 5.1 1992/10/04 00:46:45 syd * Initial checkin as of 2.4 Release at PL0 * * ******************************************************************************/ /** This is actually two programs folded into one - 'newmail()' and 'wnewmail()'. They perform essentially the same function, to monitor the mail arriving in a set of/a mailbox or folder, but newmail is designed to run in background on a terminal, and wnewmail is designed to have a window of its own to run in. The main difference is that wnewmail checks for mail more often. The usage parameters are: -i how often to check for mail (default: 60 secs if newmail, 10 secs if wnewmail) name of a folder to monitor (can prefix with '+'/'=', or can default to the incoming mailbox) =prefix file to monitor, output with specified prefix when mail arrives. If we're monitoring more than one mailbox the program will prefix each line output (if 'newmail') or each cluster of mail (if 'wnewmail') with the basename of the folder the mail has arrived in. In the interest of exhaustive functionality, you can also use the "=prefix" suffix (eh?) to specify your own strings to prefix messages with. The output format is either: newmail: >> New mail from - >> Priority mail from - >> : from - >> : Priority from - wnewmail: - Priority: - : - : Priority: - \fR **/ #include "elmutil.h" #include "s_newmail.h" #ifdef PWDINSYS # include #else # include #endif #include #ifdef I_TIME # include #endif #ifdef I_SYSTIME # include #endif #ifdef BSD # include #endif #ifdef I_UTIME # include #endif #ifdef I_SYSUTIME # include #endif /********** Since a number of machines don't seem to bother to define the utimbuf structure for some *very* obscure reason.... Suprise, though, BSD has a different utime() entirely...*sigh* **********/ #ifndef BSD # ifndef UTIMBUF struct utimbuf { time_t actime; /** access time **/ time_t modtime; /** modification time **/ }; # endif /* UTIMBUF */ #endif /* BSD */ #define LINEFEED (char) 10 #define BEGINNING 0 /* seek fseek(3S) */ #define DEFAULT_INTERVAL 60 #define MAX_FOLDERS 25 /* max we can keep track of */ /* * The "read_headers()" and "show_header()" routines use a (struct header_rec) * to hold the header information. This structure does not have a flag to * save the message priority status. We don't need the "encrypted" flag in * the structure, so we will use that instead. */ #define priority encrypted #define metachar(c) (c == '+' || c == '=' || c == '%') char *getusername(); long bytes(); struct folder_struct { char foldername[SLEN]; char prefix[NLEN]; long filesize; int access_error; } folders[MAX_FOLDERS] = {0}; int interval_time, /* how long to sleep between checks */ debug = 0, /* include verbose debug output? */ in_window = 0, /* are we running as 'wnewmail'? */ total_folders = 0, /* # of folders we're monitoring */ print_prefix = 0, /* force printing of prefix */ current_folder = 0; /* struct pointer for looping */ FILE *fd = NULL; /* fd to use to read folders */ FILE *debugfile = stderr; #ifdef PIDCHECK int parent_pid; /* See if sucide should be attempt */ #endif /* PIDCHECK */ extern int errno; #if defined(BSD) && !defined(__convex__) time_t utime_buffer[2]; /* utime command */ #else struct utimbuf utime_buffer; /* utime command */ #endif static char *no_subj, /* Pointer to No subject text */ *priority_to, /* pointer to Priority to text */ *priority_text, /* pointer to priority text */ *To_text, /* pointer To to text */ *priority_mail, /* pointer to priority mail */ *mail_text, /* pointer to mail text */ *to_text, /* pointer to to text */ *from_text; /* pointer to from text */ main(argc, argv) int argc; char *argv[]; { extern char *optarg; extern int optind; char *ptr; int c, i, done; long lastsize, newsize; /* file size for comparison.. */ register struct folder_struct *cur_folder; int hostlen, domlen; struct passwd *pass; #ifndef _POSIX_SOURCE struct passwd *getpwuid(); #endif #ifdef I_LOCALE setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); #endif elm_msg_cat = catopen("elm2.4", 0); /* Get the No subject string */ no_subj = catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailNoSubject, "(No Subject Specified)"); priority_to = catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailInWinPriorityTo, "Priority to "); priority_text = catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailInWinPriority, "Priority "); To_text = catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailInWinTo, "To "); priority_mail = catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailPriorityMail, "Priority mail "); mail_text = catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailMail, "Mail "); to_text = catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailTo, "to "); from_text = catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailFrom, "from "); #ifdef HOSTCOMPILED strncpy(hostname, HOSTNAME, sizeof(hostname) - 1); hostname[sizeof(hostname) - 1] = '\0'; #else gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)); #endif gethostdomain(hostdomain, sizeof(hostdomain)); /* * see init.c for an explanation of this! */ hostlen = strlen(hostname); domlen = strlen(hostdomain); if (hostlen >= domlen) { if (istrcmp(&hostname[hostlen - domlen], hostdomain) == 0) strcpy(hostfullname, hostname); else { strcpy(hostfullname, hostname); strcat(hostfullname, hostdomain); } } else { if (istrcmp(hostname, hostdomain + 1) == 0) strcpy(hostfullname, hostname); else { strcpy(hostfullname, hostname); strcat(hostfullname, hostdomain); } } /* * get user name and full user name so we know who we are */ if((pass = getpwuid(getuid())) == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailNoPasswdEntry, "You have no password entry!")); exit(1); } strcpy(username, pass->pw_name); if((ptr = get_full_name(username)) != NULL) strcpy(full_username, ptr); else strcpy(full_username, username); #ifdef PIDCHECK /* This will get the pid that */ parent_pid = getppid(); /* started the program, ie: /bin/sh */ /* If it dies for some reason (logout)*/ #endif /* PIDCHECK */ /* Then exit the program if PIDCHECK */ interval_time = DEFAULT_INTERVAL; /** let's see if the first character of the basename of the command invoked is a 'w' (e.g. have we been called as 'wnewmail' rather than just 'newmail'?) **/ for (i=0, ptr=(argv[0] + strlen(argv[0])-1); !i && ptr > argv[0]; ptr--) if (*ptr == '/') { in_window = (*(ptr+1) == 'w'); i++; } if (ptr == argv[0] && i == 0 && argv[0][0] == 'w') in_window = 1; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "di:w")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'd' : debug++; break; case 'i' : interval_time = atoi(optarg); break; case 'w' : in_window = 1; break; default : usage(argv[0]); exit(1); } } if (interval_time < 10) if (interval_time == 1) fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailShort, "Warning: interval set to 1 second. I hope you know what you're doing!\n")); else fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailShortPlur, "Warning: interval set to %d seconds. I hope you know what you're doing!\n"), interval_time); /* now let's parse the foldernames, if any are given */ if (optind >= argc) /* get default */ add_default_folder(); else { while (optind < argc) add_folder(argv[optind++]); pad_prefixes(); /* for nice output...*/ } if (total_folders > 1) print_prefix = 1; #ifdef AUTO_BACKGROUND if (! in_window) { if (fork()) /* automatically puts this task in background! */ exit(0); (void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); (void) signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN); } #endif (void) signal(SIGHUP, SIG_DFL); if (in_window && ! debug) printf(catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailIncommingMail, "Incoming mail:\n")); while (1) { #ifdef PIDCHECK if ( kill(parent_pid,0)) exit(0); #else #ifndef AUTO_BACKGROUND /* won't work if we're nested this deep! */ if (getppid() == 1) /* we've lost our shell! */ exit(0); #endif /* AUTO_BACKGROUND */ #endif /* PIDCHECK */ if (! isatty(1)) /* we're not sending output to a tty any more */ exit(0); dprint(1, (debugfile, "\n----\n")); for (i = 0; i < total_folders; i++) { cur_folder = &folders[i]; dprint(1, (debugfile, "[checking folder #%d: %s]\n", i, cur_folder->foldername)); if ((newsize = bytes(cur_folder->foldername)) == cur_folder->filesize) /* no new mail has arrived! */ continue; if ((fd = fopen(cur_folder->foldername,"r")) == NULL) { if (errno == EACCES) { cur_folder->access_error++; if (cur_folder->access_error > 5) { fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailErrNoPerm, "\nPermission to monitor \"%s\" denied!\n\n"), cur_folder->foldername); sleep(5); exit(1); } } continue; } if ((newsize = bytes(cur_folder->foldername)) > cur_folder->filesize) { /* new mail has arrived! */ dprint(1, (debugfile, "\tnew mail has arrived! old size = %ld, new size=%ld\n", cur_folder->filesize, newsize)); /* skip what we've read already... */ if (fseek(fd, cur_folder->filesize, BEGINNING) != 0) perror("fseek()"); cur_folder->filesize = newsize; /* read and display new mail! */ if (read_headers(cur_folder) && ! in_window) printf("\n\r"); /* try to set the file access times back, ignore failures */ #if defined(BSD) && !defined(__convex__) utime(cur_folder->foldername, utime_buffer); #else utime(cur_folder->foldername, &utime_buffer); #endif } else { /* file SHRUNK! */ cur_folder->filesize = bytes(cur_folder->foldername); lastsize = cur_folder->filesize; done = 0; while (! done) { sleep(1); /* wait for the size to stabilize */ newsize = bytes(cur_folder->foldername); if (newsize != lastsize) lastsize = newsize; else done++; } cur_folder->filesize = newsize; } (void) fclose(fd); /* close it and ... */ } sleep(interval_time); } } int read_headers(cur_folder) register struct folder_struct *cur_folder; { /** read the headers, output as found given current_folder, the prefix of that folder, and whether we're in a window or not. **/ struct header_rec hdr; /* holds header info on curr mssg */ char buffer[SLEN]; /* message line buffer */ char *fld_name, *fld_val; /* field name and value pointers */ register int in_header; /* TRUE when processing a hdr */ int count; /* count of messages done */ int init_header; /* TRUE to reset hdr for new mssg */ #ifdef MMDF int newheader = 0; /* count lead/trail ^A^A^A^A */ #endif /* MMDF */ count = 0; init_header = TRUE; /* * Go through every line of the mailbox. */ while (mail_gets(buffer, SLEN, fd) != 0) { /* * Initialize header record for a new message. */ if (init_header) { hdr.to[0] = '\0'; hdr.from[0] = '\0'; hdr.subject[0] = '\0'; hdr.priority = FALSE; in_header = FALSE; init_header = FALSE; } /* * Search for the start of a message. */ if (!in_header) { in_header = #ifdef MMDF (strcmp(buffer, MSG_SEPARATOR) == 0 && (newheader = !newheader)); #else first_word(buffer, "From ") && real_from(buffer, &hdr); #endif /* MMDF */ continue; } /* * Look for blank line at the end of the message header. */ if (buffer[0] == LINEFEED) { count++; show_header(&hdr, cur_folder); init_header = TRUE; continue; } #ifdef MMDF /* * With MMDF we still need to locate the "From_" header. */ if (real_from(buffer, &hdr)) continue; #endif /* MMDF */ if (header_cmp(buffer, "From", (char *) NULL)) { parse_arpa_who(buffer, hdr.from, 0); continue; } /* * Split up the header into a field name and field value. */ fld_name = fld_val = buffer; while (*fld_val != '\0' && !isspace(*fld_val)) ++fld_val; if (*fld_val != '\0') { *fld_val = '\0'; do { ++fld_val; } while (isspace(*fld_val)); } if (istrcmp(fld_name, ">From") == 0) { forwarded(fld_val, hdr.from); continue; } if (istrcmp(fld_name, "To:") == 0) { figure_out_addressee(fld_val, hdr.to); continue; } if (istrcmp(fld_name, "Subject:") == 0) { strfcpy(hdr.subject, fld_val, sizeof(hdr.subject)); continue; } if (istrcmp(fld_name, "Re:") == 0) { if (hdr.subject[0] == '\0') strfcpy(hdr.subject, fld_val, sizeof(hdr.subject)); continue; } if (istrcmp(fld_name, "Importance:") == 0) { if (atoi(fld_val) >= 2) hdr.priority = TRUE; continue; } if (istrcmp(fld_name, "Priority:") == 0) { if (strincmp(fld_val, "normal", 6) != 0 && strincmp(fld_val, "non-urgent", 10) != 0) hdr.priority = TRUE; continue; } /* * If we reach this point, it must be an unknown * or boring header. Skip it. */ } return(count); } add_folder(name) char *name; { /* add the specified folder to the list of folders...ignore any problems we may having finding it (user could be monitoring a mailbox that doesn't currently exist, for example) */ char *cp, buf[SLEN]; if (current_folder >= MAX_FOLDERS) { fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailErrMaxFolders, "Sorry, but I can only keep track of %d folders.\n"), MAX_FOLDERS); exit(1); } /* now let's rip off the suffix "=" if it's there... */ for (cp = name + strlen(name); cp > name+1 && *cp != '=' ; cp--) /* just keep stepping backwards */ ; /* if *cp isn't pointing to the first character we'e got something! */ if (cp > name+1) { *cp++ = '\0'; /* null terminate the filename & get prefix */ if (metachar(*cp)) cp++; strcpy(folders[current_folder].prefix, cp); print_prefix = 1; } else { /* nope, let's get the basename of the file */ for (cp = name + strlen(name); cp > name && *cp != '/'; cp--) /* backing up a bit... */ ; if (metachar(*cp)) cp++; if (*cp == '/') cp++; strcpy(folders[current_folder].prefix, cp); } /* and next let's see what kind of weird prefix chars this user might be testing us with. We can have '+'|'='|'%' to expand or a file located in the incoming mail dir... */ if (metachar(name[0])) expand_filename(name, folders[current_folder].foldername); else if (access(name, 00) == -1) { /* let's try it in the mail home directory */ sprintf(buf, "%s%s", mailhome, name); if (access(buf, 00) != -1) /* aha! */ strcpy(folders[current_folder].foldername, buf); else strcpy(folders[current_folder].foldername, name); } else strcpy(folders[current_folder].foldername, name); /* now let's try to actually open the file descriptor and grab a size... */ if ((fd = fopen(folders[current_folder].foldername, "r")) == NULL) if (errno == EACCES) { fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailErrNoPerm, "\nPermission to monitor \"%s\" denied!\n\n"), folders[current_folder].foldername); exit(1); } folders[current_folder].filesize = bytes(folders[current_folder].foldername); /* and finally let's output what we did */ dprint(1, (debugfile, "folder %d: \"%s\" <%s> %s, size = %ld\n", current_folder, folders[current_folder].foldername, folders[current_folder].prefix, fd == NULL? "not found" : "opened", folders[current_folder].filesize)); if (fd != NULL) /* Close it only if we succeeded in opening it */ (void) fclose(fd); /* and increment current-folder please! */ current_folder++; total_folders++; } add_default_folder() { char *cp; /* this routine will add the users home mailbox as the folder * to monitor. Since there'll only be one folder we'll never * prefix it either... * determine mail file from environment variable if found, * else use password entry */ if ((cp = getenv("MAIL")) == NULL) sprintf(folders[0].foldername, "%s%s", mailhome, getusername()); else strcpy(folders[0].foldername, cp); fd = fopen(folders[0].foldername, "r"); folders[0].filesize = bytes(folders[0].foldername); dprint(1, (debugfile, "default folder: \"%s\" <%s> %s, size = %ld\n", folders[0].foldername, folders[0].prefix, fd == NULL? "not found" : "opened", folders[0].filesize)); total_folders = 1; if (fd != NULL) /* Close it only if we succeeded in opening it */ fclose(fd); } forwarded(buffer, who) char *buffer, *who; { /** change 'from' and date fields to reflect the ORIGINATOR of the message by iteratively parsing the >From fields... The leading >From will already be stripped off the line. **/ char machine[SLEN], buff[SLEN]; machine[0] = '\0'; sscanf(buffer, "%s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %s", who, machine); if(machine[0] == '\0') /* try for address with timezone in date */ sscanf(buffer, "%s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %s", who, machine); if (machine[0] == '\0') /* try for srm address */ sscanf(buffer, "%s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %*s %s", who, machine); if (machine[0] == '\0') sprintf(buff,"anonymous"); else sprintf(buff,"%s!%s", machine, who); strncpy(who, buff, SLEN); } show_header(hdr, cur_folder) struct header_rec *hdr; struct folder_struct *cur_folder; { char from_line[SLEN]; char prefix[SLEN]; int used_to_line; if (hdr->from[0] == '\0') strcpy(hdr->from, getusername()); if (hdr->subject[0] == '\0') strcpy(hdr->subject, no_subj); else { used_to_line = strlen(hdr->subject) - 1; if (hdr->subject[used_to_line] == '\n') hdr->subject[used_to_line] = '\0'; /* strip off trailing new line, we add our own */ } used_to_line = tail_of(hdr->from, from_line, hdr->to); prefix[0] = '\0'; if (! in_window) strcat(prefix, ">> "); if (print_prefix) { strcat(prefix, cur_folder->prefix); strcat(prefix, ": "); } if (in_window) { if (hdr->priority && used_to_line) strcat(prefix, priority_to); else if (hdr->priority) strcat(prefix, priority_text); else if (used_to_line) strcat(prefix, To_text); printf("\007%s%s -- %s\n", prefix, from_line, hdr->subject); } else { if (hdr->priority) strcat(prefix, priority_mail); else strcat(prefix, mail_text); if (used_to_line) strcat(prefix, to_text); else strcat(prefix, from_text); printf("\n\r%s%s - %s\n\r", prefix, from_line, hdr->subject); } } long bytes(name) char *name; { /** return the number of bytes in the specified file. This is to check to see if new mail has arrived.... **/ int ok = 1; extern int errno; /* system error number! */ struct stat buffer; if (stat(name, &buffer) != 0) if (errno != 2) { MCfprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailErrFstat, "Error %d attempting fstat on %s"), errno, name); exit(1); } else ok = 0; /* retain the access times for later use */ #if defined(BSD) && !defined(__convex__) utime_buffer[0] = buffer.st_atime; utime_buffer[1] = buffer.st_mtime; #else utime_buffer.actime = buffer.st_atime; utime_buffer.modtime= buffer.st_mtime; #endif return(ok ? buffer.st_size : 0); } char *getusername() { /** Getting the username on some systems is a real pain, so... This routine is guaranteed to return a usable username **/ char *return_value, *getlogin(), *cuserid(); if ((return_value = getlogin()) == NULL) if ((return_value = cuserid(NULL)) == NULL) { printf(catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailErrUsername, "Newmail: I can't get username!\n")); exit(1); } return( (char *) return_value); } usage(name) char *name; { /* print a nice friendly usage message */ fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailArgsHelp1, "\nUsage: %s [-d] [-i interval] [-w] {folders}\n\ \targ\t\t\tMeaning\n\r\ \t -d \tturns on debugging output\n\ \t -i D\tsets the interval checking time to 'D' seconds\n\ \t -w \tforces 'window'-style output, and bypasses auto-background\n\n"), name); fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailArgsHelp2, "folders can be specified by relative or absolute path names, can be the name\n\ of a mailbox in the incoming mail directory to check, or can have one of the\n\ standard Elm mail directory prefix chars (e.g. '+', '=' or '%%').\n\ Furthermore, any folder can have '=string' as a suffix to indicate a folder\n\ identifier other than the basename of the file\n\n")); } expand_filename(name, store_space) char *name, *store_space; { strcpy(store_space, name); if (expand(store_space) == 0) { fprintf(stderr, catgets(elm_msg_cat, NewmailSet, NewmailErrExpand, "Sorry, but I couldn't expand \"%s\"\n"),name); exit(1); } } pad_prefixes() { /** This simple routine is to ensure that we have a nice output format. What it does is whip through the different prefix strings we've been given, figures out the maximum length, then space pads the other prefixes to match. **/ register int i, j, len = 0; for (i=0; i < total_folders; i++) if (len < (j=strlen(folders[i].prefix))) len = j; for (i=0; i < total_folders; i++) for (j = strlen(folders[i].prefix); j < len; j++) strcat(folders[i].prefix, " "); }