\input tex \twelvepointsanserif \dropcaps \hangingpunctuation \centerline{\seventeenpointsanserif\bf SEASONS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE} \vskip6pt \centerline{\seventeenpointsanserif\bf AND THE EARTH'S MOTION THROUGH SPACE} \vskip\parskip \begindoublecolumns \dropcap{W}e call the time it takes for the earth to orbit around the¨ sun a {\bf Year}. (The orbit isn't perfectly round, but slightly oval-shaped.) The earth spins as it orbits the sun; we call the time it takes to¨ complete one spin a {\bf Day}. The earth isn't ``straight up and¨ down'' compared to the sun; it is tilted. Because of this tilt, the¨ amount of sunlight each spot on the earth gets depends on where in the¨ yearly-orbit cycle the earth is. The longer the daytime, the warmer it¨ gets -- summer is when the earth is at the part of the orbit where¨ your part of the planet is tilted towards the sun. (If there earth was not tilted, then the length of the day and night¨ would not vary during the year.) Each place on the planet follows a unique path through space as the¨ earth both spins and orbits around the sun. Therefore, for¨ astrological purposes your exact birth date and time determines {\it where} exactly in space your birth place was when you were born. The sun (and our entire solar system) is also moving within the¨ galaxy, and the galaxy is also moving within the multiverse -- we are¨ literally never in the same place twice.\endblob \enddoublecolumns \vskip\parskip {\tenpointsanserif latitude\hfil latitude\hfil longitude\hfil longitude} \newpage \centerline{\seventeenpointsanserif\bf YOUR LOCATION ON THE PLANET} \centerline{\twelvepointsanserif (or a quick introduction to} \centerline{\twelvepointsanserif Latitude and Longitude)} \vskip3\pnt5in \begindoublecolumns \dropcap{P}ositions on the planet are given in {\bf latitude} and {\bf longitude}, which are simply made-up ``lines'' on a map or globe.¨ Latitude and longitude are measured in {\bf degrees}, which are simply¨ one three\dash hundred\dash sixtieth of a circle. The shorthand symbol¨ for ``degrees'' is \degree{} for example, 90\degree{} is 90 degrees,¨ etc. {\bf Latitude} is the ``belt'' around the middle of the planet, and is¨ called the {\bf equator}. The equator is 0\degree{} of latitude.¨ Latitude increases as you go away from the equator, either north or¨ south, until you reach the pole, which is 90 degrees. San Francisco is about 37\degree{} North of the equator; Costa Rica is¨ about 10\degree{} North of the equator; the middle of Australia is¨ about 25\degree{} South of the equator. {\bf Longitude} are lines North to South, from pole to pole. Zero¨ degrees longitude goes from the North pole, through Greenwich England¨ (they had the biggest navy at the time, so whatever they said became¨ law), down to the South pole. Longitude increases as you go away from¨ Greenwich England, or zero degrees, until it gets to exactly opposite¨ Greenwich on a globe -- this is called the International Date Line, or¨ 180 degrees. San Francisco is about 122\degree{} West; Costa Rica is about¨ 85\degree{} West; the middle of Australia is about 135\degree{} East. An exact location requires both latitude (around) and longitude (up¨ and down), such as 37\degree{} North latitude, 122\degree{} West longitude for San Francisco. The shorthand for this¨ is 37\degree N 122\degree W. Unfortunately, one degree is too large. More fineness is needed.¨ Degrees are divided into {\bf minutes} and {\bf seconds}, which have¨ nothing to do with time, and yes it is confusing, especially when you¨ are also talking about clock time in the same conversation. One minute¨ is one sixtieth of a degree; one second is one sixtieth of a minute.¨ The symbol for minutes is ' the symbol for seconds is " and they are¨ used like this: 37\degree47'0"W 122\degree26'0"N which means 37¨ degrees, 47 minutes, 0 seconds West; 122 degrees, 26 minutes, 0¨ seconds North. Got that?\endblob \enddoublecolumns \bye